

Bunions are bony bumps that form at the base of the big toe, often causing pain and discomfort. They occur when the bones in the front of the foot move out of alignment, pushing the big toe toward the second toe. This misalignment can lead to inflammation, swelling, and tenderness around the joint. Bunions are commonly caused by factors like genetics, wearing tight or high-heeled shoes, and abnormal foot mechanics. The pain can range from mild to severe, making walking or standing for long periods difficult. As the bunion progresses, it can also cause the formation of calluses or corns due to friction. Treatment typically begins with lifestyle changes, such as switching to properly fitting shoes and using orthotic insoles. In severe cases, surgical intervention may be necessary to realign the toe and alleviate pain. Early intervention can help manage symptoms and prevent further complications.